• Health Care Reform: US vs Singapore

  BusinessWeek - Found 14 hours ago The International Advisory Panel consists of Chris Bangle, former Chief of Design for BMW and now head of Chris Bangle Associates;

• Reviewed: 2009 BMW Z4 Roadster

  Car Connection - Found Nov. 21, 2009 ... praised Chris Bangle era at , and while the Z3 replacement was also conceived with the help of Danish designer Anders Warming, no doubt Bangle...

• Convertibles

  Globe and Mail - Found Nov. 20, 2009 But never underestimate the performance balance and BMW design excellence of the thing. Long live Chris Bangle wherever he is.

• ROAD TEST: BMWs stylistas finally get it right

  Business Day - Found Nov. 19, 2009 ... there was the Z4, which was plagued by the Bangle bungle syndrome and ... You see, for while Chris Bangle?s ?flame surfacing? concept ...

• Resident to be honored for 70 years of service

  Miami Herald - Found Nov. 10, 2009 ... night, the celebration heads to Braman Motors in downtown Miami for a talk on car design by Chris Bangle, former BMW Group chief designer...

• Ugliest Cars Of The Past 50 Years? You Might Be Surprised.

  Car Connection - Found Oct. 30, 2009 Check them off among the they pan the design of the Chris Bangle-designed , a vehicle that, love it or hate it, inspired the rear two-thirds...

• Solar electric BMW Lovos concept makes Chris Bangle look drab

  New York Times - Found Sep. 25, 2009 BREAKING: Fisker gets $528.7 million loan from U.S. DOE for Karma, Project Nina REPORT: GM considering hybrid Corvette, other mileage tweaks Martin

• BMW de-bungles the Z4

  Dallas Morning News - Found Oct. 9, 2009 ... lots of rocks have been thrown at BMW's polarizing design this decade and the coolly controversial Chris Bangle, who began giving the cars...

• 2009 BMW 750 Li: No Bangle, lots of bauble

  MarketWatch - Found Oct. 4, 2009 The main reason is the disappearance of BMW's controversial designer Chris Bangle. However, just because Bangle is gone does not mean this top...

• Design: Rethinking the Shape of Everyday Life

  New York Times - Found Oct. 4, 2009 Chris Bangle, former head of design at BMW, reckons that sharers will put greater emphasis on the styling of their car interiors, possibly...

Chris Bangle

Christopher Edward Bangle (born October 14, 1956) is an American automobile designer. Bangle is known best for his work as Chief of Design for BMW Group, where he was responsible for the BMW, MINI and Rolls-Royce motor cars.

He was born in Ravenna, Ohio, and raised in Wausau, Wisconsin. After considering becoming a Methodist minister,¹ Bangle attended the Art Center College of Design in Pasadena, California, earning a Bachelor of Science degree and a Master's degree in Industrial Design.²

Bangle started his career at Opel. The first work that he designed is the interior of the Junior concept car. He later moved to Fiat and worked as a chief designer of the Fiat Coupe.

He became the first American chief of design of BMW on October 1, 1992, where he designed the Z9 Gran Turismo concept car. His styling themes have generated intense controversy among automotive designers, and have often had a polarizing effect.

On February 3, 2009, Bangle announced that he was to quit both his position at BMW and the auto industry altogether, to focus on his own design-related endeavours.³ He was replaced by Adrian van Hooydonk.⁴⁵

Design characteristics

Bangle's designs are incorporated in the entire BMW lineup, including the 1, 3, 5, 6 and 7 series as well as the X3, X5, and X6 the newest design SUVs, and the concept car Gina. These span the automotive platforms E81 / E82 / E87 / E88, E90 / E91 / E92 / E93, E60 / E61, E63 / E64 ,E65 / E66 and E53. Bangle himself coined the phrase "flame surfacing" to describe his work and is probably the first time Deconstructivism has been adapted to automotive design. This is further evidenced by the fact that Bangle has often pointed out architect Frank Gehry's work as a major influence.

The most controversial of his work was the E65 7 Series, a sharp contrast to the preceding E38 generation which was conservatively styled. Time magazine named it as one of the 50 Worst Cars of All Time for its rear end styling and iDrive functionality, nonetheless it became the best-selling 7 Series of all time.⁶⁷

Motor Trend's article Interview: Chris Bangle, BMW's Design Chief says:

Love or loathe his work, Bangle's impact on auto design has been profound. No other designer, not even legendary GM design chief Harley Earl, has so rapidly become a part of the industry lexicon. To "bangle" a design is now an auto-industry verb for ruining it. Auto writers use "Bangle butt" to describe a tail with an extra layer of metal on the trunk (think new Mercedes S-Class). Bangle, some rivals will remind you, is only one letter away from "bungle."¹

Despite those criticisms, Bangle's distinctive designs yielded strong commercial success for BMW. In 2006, BMW overtook Mercedes as the global leader in premium car sales. BMW will continue to use Bangle's current design cues at least through 2010.⁸

Bangle aggressively defended his designs against criticism. He was supported by the BMW board of directors, which wanted to move BMW's image into the future.⁹ He said it was necessary for product lines to follow a cycle of a revolutionary generation followed by an evolutionary generation followed by another revolutionary generation and so on. Indeed, he oversaw the conservative evolution of BMW designs with the redesign of the BMW 3-Series BMW E46 and the introduction of the BMW X5. For Bangle this marked the end of the evolution of BMW design and the revolution was witnessed with the 2002 introduction of the BMW E65. Bangle acknowledges that his designs do not look good in photographs, suggesting to critics that they should see the cars in real life before judging them on their looks. He introduced a new BMW concept car, called GINA on June 10, 2008.

Peer comments

• J Mays, Ford's chief creative officer, dislikes Bangle's designs, but admits Bangle has been significant in reshaping modern cars.¹
• Marc Newson, an industrial designer and car enthusiast, described Bangle's BMW Z4 as having been designed with a machete.¹⁰
• Patrick le Quément, chief designer at Renault, said: "[Bangle is] certainly the most talked about designer. His designs have a great deal of presence, and they're well proportioned. He's been highly influential. My only concern is his use of concave surfaces: they're hollow shapes and lack that tightly muscled look I feel helps design."¹
• Martin Smith, head of design for Ford of Europe, describes Bangle as an instigator of the trend toward "surface entertainment" in cars; the Ford Iosis bears some resemblance to Bangle-styled BMWs but it was not criticized as much as Bangle's designs.¹
• Dr Klaus Draeger, BMW AG's Board Member for Development, said: "Christopher Bangle has had a lasting impact on the identity of BMW Group's brands. His contribution to the company's success has been decisive, and together with his teams he has mapped out a clear and aesthetic route into the future,"¹¹

References

External links

• Forbes, 2006 "The New BMW 5 Series"
• BMW Website — Chris Bangle explains his design philosophy for some key models.
• BMW Designers An overview of automotive designers working for BMW.
• TED Talks: Chris Bangle says great cars are Art at TED in 2002
• Interview with Chris Bangle on design and emotion